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title: StudyCase1
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date: 2025-11-25 15:35
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tags: [studycase, unity]
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pinned: true
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head:
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- - meta
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- name: description
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content: vitepress-theme-bluearchive StudyCase1
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- - meta
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- name: keywords
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content: vitepress theme bluearchive StudyCase1
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---
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# 第三人称角色控制器
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## 编辑器
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- **Unity 2022.3.62f2**：
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- **Visual Studio 2022**
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## 课程目标
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- **鼠标控制视角旋转**
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- **WASD控制模型移动**
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- **空格控制跳跃**
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## 演示视频
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<video id="vdMain" controls muted poster="/video/studycase1/演示视频.png" playsinline>
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<source id="vSource" src="/video/studycase1/演示视频.mp4" type="video/mp4" />
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</video>
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[项目地址](http://home.gtuantuan.online:8300/TuanTuan/StudyCase)
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## 课前准备
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### 新建项目
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- 创建URP项目
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<img src="/image/studycase1/创建URP项目.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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- 移除Readme
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<img src="/image/studycase1/移除Readme.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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- 新建场景或者修改初始场景为StudyCase1
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<img src="/image/studycase1/创建StudyCase1场景.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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### 安装 Input System 与 Cinemachine
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- 打开 Package Manager
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<img src="/image/studycase1/打开PackageManager.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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- 切换到 Unity Registry
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<img src="/image/studycase1/切换到UnityRegistry.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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- 安装 `Input System` 与 `Cinemachine`
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<img src="/image/studycase1/安装俩个包.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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- 导入示例
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<img src="/image/studycase1/导入示例.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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- 创建初始场景(StudyCase1)
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<img src="/image/studycase1/创建初始场景.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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- 从示例项目导入模型到场景
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<img src="/image/studycase1/从示例项目导入模型到场景.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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> 提示：安装 Input System 后，Unity 会提示重启并切换至新输入系统，务必确认。
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## 课堂任务
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### 添加虚拟相机根节点
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- 为相机添加 `CinemachineBrain`作为根节点以便统一控制
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<img src="/image/studycase1/添加虚拟相机根节点.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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### 创建玩家节点
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- 创建 `Player` 空节点，创建`Forward`和`Model`空节点并作为`Player`子节点以及虚拟相机
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- 注意`Forward`和`Model`的尽量不要有偏移
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<img src="/image/studycase1/创建玩家层级.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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- 创建胶囊体和正方体作为`Model`的子物体，可以去掉碰撞器，尽量不要有偏移
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<img src="/image/studycase1/玩家节点.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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### 配置虚拟相机
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- 将虚拟相机 `Follow`、`LookAt` 指向玩家模型，调整 Body/ Aim，使镜头保持第三人称视角
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<img src="/image/studycase1/配置虚拟相机.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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### 创建 InputActions
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- 在项目窗口右键 `Create > Input Actions`，命名为 `PlayerInputActions`
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<img src="/image/studycase1/创建InputActions.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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- 创建 `Player` Action Map，添加 `Move`（Vector2）与 `Jump`（Button）
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<img src="/image/studycase1/创建playerinputactions.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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- Move 绑定 `WASD` ；Jump 绑定 `space`
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<img src="/image/studycase1/创建4向绑定.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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<img src="/image/studycase1/绑定wasd.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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### 编写脚本`ThirdCharacterController.cs`
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- 在 `Assets\Scripts\StudyCase1` 下创建脚本 `ThirdCharacterController`
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```csharp
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using UnityEngine;
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using UnityEngine.InputSystem;
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namespace StudyCase1
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{
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public class ThirdCharacterController : MonoBehaviour
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{
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public CharacterController characterController;
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public Transform forward;
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public Transform model;
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public Cinemachine.CinemachineVirtualCamera vCam;
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public float moveSpeed = 5f;
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public float jumpSpeed = 2f;
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public float turnSpeed = 10f;
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public float gravity = 10f;
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Vector3 moveDir;
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Vector2 moveInput;
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private void Update()
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{
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moveDir = new Vector3(moveInput.x, moveDir.y, moveInput.y);
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forward.eulerAngles = new Vector3(0, vCam.transform.eulerAngles.y, 0);
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moveDir = forward.TransformDirection(moveDir);
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if (moveInput != Vector2.zero)
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{
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Quaternion target = Quaternion.LookRotation(new Vector3(moveDir.x, 0, moveDir.z));
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model.rotation = Quaternion.Slerp(model.rotation, target, turnSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
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}
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if (!characterController.isGrounded)
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moveDir.y -= gravity * Time.deltaTime;
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characterController.Move(moveDir * moveSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
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}
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public void OnMove(InputAction.CallbackContext context)
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{
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if (characterController.isGrounded)
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moveInput = context.ReadValue<Vector2>();
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else moveInput = Vector2.zero;
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}
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public void OnJump(InputAction.CallbackContext context)
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{
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if (context.performed && characterController.isGrounded)
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{
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moveDir.y = jumpSpeed;
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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### 代码讲解
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- **namespace StudyCase1**:因为可能出现同名文件
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- **forward**：作为“参照物”同步虚拟相机的 Y 轴旋转，用来转换输入的坐标轴。
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- **moveDir**：在本地坐标系下计算移动向量，并通过 `CharacterController.Move` 驱动。
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- **OnMove/OnJump**：直接使用 Input System 回调，确保只有在贴地时才写入输入，避免空中漂移。
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- **旋转插值**：`Quaternion.Slerp` 让角色转身更加顺滑，可根据手感微调 `turnSpeed`。
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### Player节点设置
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- 挂载`ThirdCharacterController`
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<img src="/image/studycase1/挂载ThirdCharacterController.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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- 添加组件`PlayerInput`
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<img src="/image/studycase1/添加组件PlayerInput.png" data-fancybox="gallery"/>
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## 常见问题速查
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- **角色不动**：确认 `CharacterController` 已赋值且 `Move` Action Map 激活。
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- **镜头不同步**：检查 `forward` 对象是否正确引用虚拟相机的朝向，检查模型和`player`是否偏移过大。
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- **跳跃失效**：确认 `Jump` 绑定的动作类型为 `Button`，确认角色是否在地上。
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- **移动时会旋转镜头**：确认虚拟相机是在 `Player` 节点下，不是在 `Model` 节点下。
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完成以上步骤，即可得到一个可拓展的第三人称基础模板。
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